Defini nan Diksyonè Petit Robert kòm abi pouvwa, ki sòti nan mo laten violentia (1215), mo vyolans lan trè ilitize, pwobableman paske li se yon pati entegral nan prèske tout kilti imèn.

Defined by the Dictionary Le Petit Robert as an abuse of force, derived from the Latin word violentia (1215), the word violence is widely used, probably because it is an integral part of almost all human cultures.

Petit Robert (1972) toujou konsakre kat siyifikasyon:

• Fè Vyolans (1538): « aji sou yon moun oswa fè l aji kont volonte l, pa fòs oswa entimidasyon. Fè vyolans sou yon moun: fòse l aji kont volonte l, britalize l oswa oprime l.
• Vyolans lan se zak pa li menm yo egzèse yon fòs; yon dispozisyon natirèl nan ekspresyon brital kèk santiman.
• Fòs brital (nan yon bagay, yon fenomèn).

Le Petit Robert (1972) always devotes four meanings to it:

• To make violence (1538): “to act on someone or to make him act against his will, by using force or intimidation. To violate someone: to compel him by brutalizing or oppressing him;
• A violence is the act by which a force is exerted; a natural disposition to the brutal expression of feelings;
• Brutal force (of a thing, of a phenomenon).

Menm definisyon nan Diksyonè Hachette (2001) an: fòs brital kont yon moun, zak vyolans, britalite karaktè de ekspresyon an, entansite, fòs brital de yon fenomèn natirèl oswa yon santiman.

Same definitions in the Dictionary Hachette (2001): brutal force against someone, acts of violence, brutality of character of expression, intensity, brutal force of a natural phenomenon or a feeling.

Ansiklopedi Larousse an koulè a ki te pibliye pa France Loisirs nan lane 1989, li mete nan kòmansman definisyon li a:

• Fòs entans, souvan destriktris, awoutrans ak twòp (ekspresyon vyolans);
   - Abi pouvwa (kòm opoze a  pèsyazyon ak konsilyasyon), karaktè cho;
•   Fè vyolans sou yon moun: kontrenn li pa lafòs;
•   Fè yon vyolans dous sou yon moun, fè l aksepte yon bagay li refize fè ke pa fason, pa delikatès;
• Vyolante, se fòse yon moun pa vyolans pou vyole règ natirèl oswa moral la.

The Larousse encyclopedia in colors published by France Loisirs in 1989, puts at the beginning of its definition:

• Intense force, often destructive force, then extreme (violence of expressions);
• Abuse of force (as opposed to persuasion and conciliation), hot characters;
• Violating a person, forcing him or her by force;
• To make gentle violence to someone: make him accept something that he/she refuses to do only by way, by delicacy;
• To make violence is to force someone by violence to transgress the natural or moral rule.

Grand Robert 2014 la repran siyifikasyon sa yo, toujou rale etimoloji a nan laten de 1215 lan (violentia, violentius):

The Great Robert of 2014 adopts these meanings, always drawing the etymology of the Latin of 1215 (violentia, violentius):

1- a) Fè vyolans a: aji sou yon moun oswa fè yon moun aji kont volonte li, nan itilize lafòs oswa entimidasyon (gade fòse, oblije). Fè vyolans, domine, metrize (gade kenbe), kontrenn, reprime dezi li yo, venk. Ekstrèm vyolans lan ke chak moun fè. M te dwe fè tèt mwen vyolans pou m fèmen bouch mwen. Pa ekstansyon: Fè vyolans sou kèk bagay, yon tèks (gade denatire, fòse). Vyolans fèt sou dwadotè a (gade agresyon, atanta). Mansyone plis pou Fè vyolans sou yon fanm (gade vyole).

1 - a) Violate to: act upon someone or cause someone to act against his will, using force or intimidation (see force, obligatory). To be violent, to dominate oneself, to master oneself (see hold), to constrain oneself, to repress his desires, to conquer. The extreme violence that each one is making. I must have done violence to keep silent. By extension: Violating something, a text (see denaturing, forcing). Violence against copyright (see aggression, attack). Mention more to make violence against a woman (see violate).

b) Vyolans lan se yon fòs brital pou soumèt  yon moun (gade Britalite). Zak, mouvman vyolans. Vyolans lan se lalwa brit (gade Non-vyolans). Dominasyon vyolans lan (gade fasism), Lagè se yon zak vyolans. Repwouve vyolans lan (gade Non-vyolan). Egzèse vyolans kont yon moun (gade Libète). Konkeri pa la vyolans (nan fè ak nan dife). Ekstòke, pran nan vyolans (gade rache, uzurpe). Sèvi ak vyolans. Rezoud pou anplwaye vyolans (gade Tòrti). (Rive nan limit yo). Rekouri a lavyolans. Pa vyolans, avèk vyolans (gade Fòs – ak fòs viv). Reponn vyolans lan pa vyolans. Gwoup ki aji nan vyolans (gade ajitasyon, revòlt, revolisyon). Pran pouvwa a pa la vyolans. Sèvi ak vyolans. Eskalad vyolans lan. Vyolans ak krim. Sèn de vyolans nan yon fim. Wòl vyolans lan nan listwa, nan sosyete a.

b) Violence is the Brutal force to submit someone (see brutality). Act, violent movement. Violence is the gross (see non-violence). The domination of violence (see fascism). War is an act of violence. To rebuke violence (see Non-violent). Exercise violence against someone (see freedom). Conquer by violence (by iron and fire). To exorcise, to take by violence (see rip, usurp). Use of violence. Resolve to use violence (see torture) (coming to the ends). Use of violence. By violence, with violence (see force - by force). Responding to violence through violence. Group that acts in violence (see agitation, revolt, revolution). Taking power through violence. Use of violence. The escalation of violence. Violence and crime. Scene of violence in a movie. The role of violence in history, in society.

Li te ajoute nan lalwa, kòz anilasyon de yon akò (Kòd Sivil, atik 110 epi swivan). Atanta a lapidè avèk vyolans.

There is added in law, violence, cause of nullity of a convention (Civil Code, articles 110 and following). Indecent assault with violence.

2 – Yon vyolans. Yon zak pa li menm ki egzèse vyonlans lan (nan sans fè vyolans lan sou (1.a…) pratike. Vyolans fizik, seksyèl, moral. Kou ak vyolans. Vyolans grav (gade aksidan, ofans). vyolans grav (gade mal). Reve de vyolans (gade Jandarm). Komèt vyolans sou yon moun (gade maltrete, vyolante). Timoun nan te soufri vyolans (gade malad). Vyolans lan nan opresyon, nan tirani, nan teworism.Vyolans revolisyonè.Vyolans iben. Goumen kont vyolans nan lekòl yo. - vyolans vèbal: eksèdlangaj; joure. Ajoute apati izaj de 1668 lan, fè yon vyolans dous sou yon moun. Fraz iwonik. Fè yon vyolans dous: aksepte yon bagay avèk plezi aprè yon rezistans fent (gade sede, konsanti).

2 – A violence. An act by which that exercises violence (in the sense of making violence over (1.a ...) is practiced. Physical, sexual and moral violence. Beatings and violence. Serious violence (see harm). Dreaming of violence (see Gendarme). Committing violence on someone (see maltreat, violent). The child has been subjected to violence (see maltreatment). The violence of oppression, tyranny and terrorism. Revolutionary violence. Urban violence. Fight against violence in schools. - Verbal abuse: excess of language; insults. Is added from the use of 1668, make a gentle violence on someone. Ironic phrase. To make a gentle violence: to accept a thing with pleasure after a feint resistance (see to give, to consent).

3 – Dispozisyon natirèl nan ekspresyon brital santiman yo: Li vin abiziv epi wont de vyolans li (gade agresyon, kòlè, raj, chimerik) (gade replike). Pale avèk vyolans (gade libere, mèt). Abi vèbal (gade envèktiv). Konbine fleksibilite ak vyolans (gade Gwosyète). Plede yon fason pou wè ak dènye vyolans yo. Reyaji avèk vyolans enkwayab (gade Otorite) (gade Foug, pasyon, entansite, virilans.

Se ajoute; pèsonaj brital la nan yon aksyon. Vyolans de yon metòd (gade Enb). Patisipe nan yon sèn vyolans ekstraòdinè (gade egzaspere).

3 - Natural disposition to the brutal expression of feelings: It becomes abusive, then ashamed of its violence (see aggression, anger, fury, irascibility) (see replicating). Speak with violence (see unleashing, prevail). Verbal abuse (see invective). Combine flexibility and violence (see rudeness). Advocate a way of seeing with the latest violence. React with incredible violence (see authority) (see Ardor, passion, vehemence, virulence.

It’s to add; the brutal character of an action is added. The violence of a process (see humble). Attend a scene of an extraordinary violence (see exasperate).

4- Apati de sans 1600 an: Fòs irezistib, nefas oswa danjere de yon bagay. Vyolans siklòn lan (gade lagrèl); tanpèt la, mistral la, van an ki pote tout bagay sou chemen li yo (gade kòlè, kòlè, entansite) (gade deklarasyon). Pòt klakan ak vyolans. Melanj ki eksploze ak vyolans ekstrèm. Yon bagay ki kraze ak vyolans. (gade eksploze). Komosyon de yon vyolans etranj-. Ki pwodui efè brital. Vyolans venen (gade Sip). Vyolans de yon santiman, de yon pasyon (gade dòmi) (gade Maladi, entansite, virilans, vèti). Vyolans dezi a, dezespwa a (al gade ardour, foli, enpetyozite).

4- from the meaning of 1600: Irresistible, harmful or dangerous force of a thing. The violence of the hurricane (see hailstone); the storm, the mistral, the wind that carries everything in its path (see fury, fury, intensity) (see declaring). Door slamming violently. Mixture that explodes with extreme violence. Something that breaks with violence. (see burst). Concoction of an unheard-of violence.-Which produces brutal effects.-Violence of the venom (see swallow). Violence of a feeling, of a passion (see sleeping) (see declaration, intensity, virulence, vivacity). The violence of desire, of despair (see ardor, frenzy, impetuosity).

Yves MICHAUD trase de oryantasyon sa yo byen: "sou yon bò, tèm vyolans lan refere a reyalite ak aksyon, nan lòt bò li refere a yon fason pou ye de fòs la, de santiman an oswa yon eleman natirèl - vyolans. pasyon oswa lanati: nan premye ka a, vyolans lan opoze ak lapè, nan lòd li entèwonp oswa kesyon, nan lòt la li se fòs brital la oswa efrene kraze règleman yo ak depase mezi a ".

Yves MICHAUD draws these two orientations well: "on the one hand, the term violence refers to facts and actions, on the other hand it refers to a way of being of strength, feeling or a natural element - violence passion or nature: in the first case, violence is opposed to peace, to the order it disturbs or questions, in the other it is the brutal or unbridled force breaks the rules and exceeds the measure ".

Etimoloji sa a, toujou selon Yves MICHAUD, anseye nou omwen twa bagay :

- Vyolans sòti nan Laten violentia ki vle di vyolans, vyolan oswa karaktè feròs oswa fawouch, fòs. Vèb violare vle di trete ak vyolans, derespekte, transgrese. Tèm sa yo gen rapò ak mo vis la, ki vle di fòs, vigè, pouvwa, vyolans, itilizasyon fòs fizik, men tou kantite, abondans, esans oswa karaktè esansyèl nan yon bagay.

This etymology, still according to Yves MICHAUD, teaches us at least three things:

- Violence comes from the Latin violentia meaning violence, violent or fierce character, and force. The verb violare means to treat with violence, to profane, to transgress. These terms are related to the word vice, which means force, vigor, power, violence, the use of physical force, but also the quantity, abundance, essence, or essential character of a thing.

Vis vle di fòs nan aksyon, resous nan yon kò fè egzèsis fòs li yo, ak Se poutèt sa pouvwa li, valè, fòs vital; Laten se siy omerik ki vle di misk epi li toujou gen fòs, vigè ak konekte tèt li nan bia, ki vle di fòs vital la, fòs la nan kò a, vigè a, epi, kidonk, itilize nan fòs. vyolans, ki fòse ak fè vyolans.

Vis means force in action, the resource of a body to exert its force, and therefore its power, value, vital force; Latin is the Homeric sign which signifies muscle and still has strength, vigor and connects itself to bia, which means the vital force, the force of the body, the vigor and, consequently, the use of force. Violence, which compels and does violence.

Li konekte ak Sanskri (mwen) y, ki vle di predominans, pouvwa, dominasyon dominan.

- Youn konsa jwenn toujou ap tache fòs ak vyolans.

It is connected with Sanskrit (i) y, which means predominance, power, and prevailing domination.

- One thus finds constantly attached force and violence.

Anplis, si nou kite sou kote jijman valè yo, fòs la pa kalifye. Li vin vyolans lè li depase mezi a oswa deranje yon lòd.

- Lide a nan fòs ki konstitye nwayo a nan vyolans se sijè a gwo varyasyon nan tan ak espas, men vyolans se toujou yon pwoblèm pou bat ak maltrètman epi li kite tras. Gen anpil fòm vyolans kòm gen kalite nòm.

Moreover, if we leave aside the value judgments, the force is unqualified. It becomes violence when it exceeds the measure or disrupts an order.

- The idea of ​​strength that constitutes the core of violence is subject to great variations in time and space, but violence is always a matter of beatings and ill-treatment and it leaves traces. There are as many forms of violence as there are kinds of norms.

Michel WIEVIORKA panse ke yon difikilte pou defini vyolans sòti nan yon dualite nan pèspektiv: objektivite l yo, rasyonèl li yo, reyalite l yo, menm kontablite l nan kantite viktim oswa destriksyon materyèl ak sibjektivite l, menm jan li ap viv, obsève, reprezante, te vle oswa sibi.

Michel WIEVIORKA thinks that a difficulty of defining violence comes from a duality of perspectives: his objectivity, his rationality, his factuality, even his accounting in number of victims or material destruction and his subjectivity, as it is lived, observed, represented, wanted or undergone.

Hélène FRAPPAT nan antoloji li sou vyolans, note tou etimoloji sa a ki fè mo vyolans lan pre ak sa yo ki an fòs la. "Vyolans se fòs nan aksyon, fòs lè li egzèse: pa gen okenn fòs sof si li manifeste nan yon aksyon, yon mouvman: ki asosye avèk yon kontrent, li ta vin tounen vyolans. Lang kòmen, ki souvan kenbe fòs ak vyolans kòm sinonim, konfime relasyon sa a."

Hélène FRAPPAT in her anthology on violence also notes this etymology that makes the word violence so close to that of the force. "Violence is force in action, force when it is exercised: there is no force unless it is manifested in an action, a movement: associated with a constraint, it would become violence. Common language, which often holds strength and violence as synonyms, confirms this relationship."

Konfizyon sa a ant fòs ak vyolans trè souvan epi etimoloji a fè yon distenksyon difisil. Menm otè yo favorab a non-vyolans dakò, kòm Jacques SEMELIN ak Christian MELLON nan ti liv yo:

This confusion between force and violence is very frequent and the etymology makes a distinction difficult. Even authors favorable to non-violence agree, as Jacques SEMELIN and Christian MELLON in their little book:

"De rezon ki eksplike poukisa distenksyon sa a, sepandan esansyèl, pa toujou konnen. Premye a se abitid la nan sèvi ak, nan lang chak jou, pawòl Bondye a vyolans kòm yon fòs entansif: li pral rele yon tanpèt loraj oswa yon santiman ke yo vyolan pou di ke yo trè fò. Dezyèm lan se yon entèferans deplwaye ant enskri nan deskripsyon an ak sa yo ki an jijman valè yo eksepte nan kèk ideyoloji ekstremis ki valè vyolans lan pou tèt li ... mo vyolans lan gen yon konotasyon olye negatif: li pa sèlman sèvi dekri zak, men stigmatize yo, konsa tandans nan sèvi ak pawòl Bondye a fòs yo deziyen nenpòt ki fòm vyolans ki konsidere kòm lejitim ... Klète a ta mande pou respè pou endepandans lan nan de rejis yo: pawòl Bondye a vyolans dwe kapab itilize - nan ka a nan zak vyole lavi oswa dwa yo nan èt imen - menm lè zak sa yo konsidere kòm moralman ak / oswa legalman lejitim. (...) ".

"Two reasons explain why this distinction, however essential, is not always perceived. The first is the habit of using, in everyday language, the word violence as an intensive force: it will be called a thunderstorm or a feeling that they are violent to say that they are very strong. The second is a regrettable interference between the register of the description and that of the value judgments except in some extremist ideologies that value the violence for itself the word violence has a rather negative connotation: it does not only serve to describe acts, but to stigmatize them, hence the tendency to use the word force to designate any form of violence that is considered legitimate (.. Clarity would require respect for the independence of the two registers: the word violence must be able to be used - in the case of acts violating life or human rights - even when such acts are considered res as morally and / or legally legitimate. (...) ".

Anplis, gen yon lòt konfizyon ant konfli ak vyolans, malgre etimoloji pi elwaye yo. Nenpòt konfli pa nesesèman vyolan e tout vyolans pa nesesèman sòti nan konfli.

Moreover, there is confusion between conflict and violence, despite their more distant etymologies. Any conflict is not necessarily violent and all violence does not necessarily come from conflict.